Claim

Model ledger-default@0.1.0 ledger-strict@0.1.0 ledger-default@0.2.0 ledger-strict@0.2.0 ledger-default@0.3.0 (default) ledger-strict@0.3.0 Snapshot seq

Topics

Courts · 1efd24fe Business · 1efd24fe

Assessment

Why?

Strongest counted support: The peer-reviewed study reports a 9.7% reduction in underinvestment after bankruptcy-court establishment in Chinese A-share firms from 2014–2022. weight 1.800000 evidence

Suppressed as dependent: The passage directly reports a 9.7% reduction in underinvestment after reform.

Review gaps: qualifiers reviewed, opposing search done, independence reviewed

What would most change this: One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported.

Hide calculation

Your view

Registered views

Checked as part of

Statements this claim was broken out of. The claim is scored on its own; a statement's reading only counts its claims.

• “In the reported study of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2014 to 2022, the establishment of bankruptcy courts was associated with a 9.7% reduction in...” · 1 claim · 29 September 2026
• “A study of Chinese A-share companies found that establishing bankruptcy courts improved investment efficiency, including a 7.5% reduction in non-optimal...” · 2 claims · 29 September 2026

Evidence for

• The study reports a 7.5% decrease in non-optimal investment efficiency and a 9.7% reduction in underinvestment after bankruptcy-court reform.

  From From courts to capital: how bankruptcy judicial reform affects corporate investment efficiency Read 2026-09-29 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted

• The passage directly reports a 9.7% reduction in underinvestment after reform.

  From From courts to capital: how bankruptcy judicial reform affects corporate investment efficiency Read 2026-09-29 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted

• The peer-reviewed study reports a 9.7% reduction in underinvestment after bankruptcy-court establishment in Chinese A-share firms from 2014–2022.

  From From courts to capital: how bankruptcy judicial reform affects corporate investment efficiency Read 2026-09-29 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted

  Primary article directly matches the sample period, quasi-natural experiment, and 9.7% underinvestment estimate.

Evidence against

None.

Qualifications

• The study analyzes Chinese A-share companies from 2014 to 2022 using bankruptcy-court establishment as a quasi-natural experiment.

  From From courts to capital: how bankruptcy judicial reform affects corporate investment efficiency Read 2026-09-29 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted

Suppressed as dependent

Evidence	Group	Kept instead
c13810f6		6ab25c19

Inferences

Concluded from

None.

Used as a premise in

None.

An inference is interpretation, not evidence: it never changes the assessment of its conclusion. Each premise is a claim with its own evidence.

Threads

None. Threads are for disagreements about how a determination was made — a statement whose figures are not in the passage it rests on, two sources that may share an origin. Something about the world belongs in the evidence above.

Claim edges

None. Edges are stored and displayed; v0.1 does not propagate probability across them.

Review checklist

Review checks: 1 of 4

3 checks by this claim's own author, alongside the independent review above. 1 OPPOSING EVIDENCE SEARCH · 1 QUALIFIER CHECK · 1 EVIDENCE VERIFICATION. A check by the person who recorded a claim does not raise its review coverage.

Check	Done	By
qualifiers reviewed	no
opposing search done	no
independence reviewed	no
primary source reviewed	yes	93add1b6, f4c5d86e, e94d1b0f, 6ab25c19

Summary

Contribution history

seq	event	detail
15636	APPENDED
15637	ACCEPT	AUTOMATIC_AFTER_VALIDATION
15646	LINK_EVIDENCE	by 1efd24fe (accepted)
15650	LINK_EVIDENCE	by 1efd24fe (accepted)
15652	TASK_RESULT	by 1efd24fe (accepted)
16075	LINK_EVIDENCE	by 1efd24fe (accepted)

Score trace

{
  "claim": "7df40350-7e00-8a3b-8efd-f4da6a6e5f91",
  "links": [
    {
      "link": "a85103f4-f626-83c9-a497-e80193add1b6",
      "group": null,
      "reason": "non_directional",
      "edition": "NAMED_OR_UNRELATED",
      "evidence": "991c6445-c6d0-8361-a173-58f39fed3472",
      "direction": "QUALIFY",
      "magnitude": "1.800000",
      "relevance": "DIRECT",
      "extraction": "UNVERIFIED",
      "provenance": "INDEPENDENT",
      "observation": "DIRECT_TEXT",
      "source_type": "PRIMARY_TEXT",
      "authenticity": "UNVERIFIED",
      "audit_confirmed": false,
      "effective_weight": "0.000000",
      "interpretive_steps": 0
    },
    {
      "link": "abeff503-5cf0-8441-a769-9accf4c5d86e",
      "group": null,
      "edition": "NAMED_OR_UNRELATED",
      "evidence": "d9181f9e-b579-8f59-b2f2-b77732395071",
      "direction": "SUPPORT",
      "magnitude": "1.800000",
      "relevance": "DIRECT",
      "extraction": "UNVERIFIED",
      "provenance": "INDEPENDENT",
      "observation": "DIRECT_TEXT",
      "source_type": "PRIMARY_TEXT",
      "authenticity": "UNVERIFIED",
      "audit_confirmed": false,
      "effective_weight": "1.800000",
      "interpretive_steps": 0
    },
    {
      "kept": "ee002bc5-cb22-828c-8d3b-75ef6ab25c19",
      "link": "c3cb41e5-6184-8cf7-ac26-446be94d1b0f",
      "group": null,
      "reason": "dependent_strongest_only",
      "edition": "NAMED_OR_UNRELATED",
      "evidence": "0c03deb3-3d2b-854f-8867-7f8cc13810f6",
      "direction": "SUPPORT",
      "magnitude": "1.800000",
      "relevance": "DIRECT",
      "extraction": "UNVERIFIED",
      "provenance": "INDEPENDENT",
      "observation": "DIRECT_TEXT",
      "source_type": "PRIMARY_TEXT",
      "authenticity": "UNVERIFIED",
      "audit_confirmed": false,
      "effective_weight": "0.000000",
      "interpretive_steps": 0
    },
    {
      "link": "ee002bc5-cb22-828c-8d3b-75ef6ab25c19",
      "group": null,
      "edition": "NAMED_OR_UNRELATED",
      "evidence": "812ef13e-4f6c-8148-978d-4d3425f6e6c6",
      "direction": "SUPPORT",
      "magnitude": "1.800000",
      "relevance": "DIRECT",
      "extraction": "UNVERIFIED",
      "provenance": "INDEPENDENT",
      "observation": "DATASET_RESULT",
      "source_type": "PRIMARY_TEXT",
      "authenticity": "UNVERIFIED",
      "audit_confirmed": false,
      "effective_weight": "1.800000",
      "interpretive_steps": 0
    }
  ],
  "model": "ledger-default@0.3.0",
  "prior": "0.50",
  "variants": {
    "spread": "0.0653",
    "permissive": "0.9908",
    "conservative": "0.9255"
  },
  "code_hash": "sha256:c61a6fdf35a754a0d7e958df149036a083c0eaeb7d2d2e52704ec32b0c36def7",
  "contested": false,
  "stability": "HIGH",
  "claim_type": "QUANTITATIVE",
  "config_hash": "sha256:86768038080b8ab5233f1e4b7aba10af05b5bb44caa432095150b90e81209809",
  "probability": "0.9734",
  "provisional": true,
  "evidence_sum": "3.600000",
  "snapshot_seq": 26040,
  "prior_log_odds": "0.000000",
  "support_groups": 2,
  "model_dependent": false,
  "review_coverage": "0.25",
  "truth_evaluable": true,
  "assessment_state": "SUPPORTED",
  "review_checklist": {
    "qualifiers_reviewed": {
      "by": [],
      "ok": false
    },
    "opposing_search_done": {
      "by": [],
      "ok": false
    },
    "independence_reviewed": {
      "by": [],
      "ok": false
    },
    "primary_source_reviewed": {
      "by": [
        "a85103f4-f626-83c9-a497-e80193add1b6",
        "abeff503-5cf0-8441-a769-9accf4c5d86e",
        "c3cb41e5-6184-8cf7-ac26-446be94d1b0f",
        "ee002bc5-cb22-828c-8d3b-75ef6ab25c19"
      ],
      "ok": true
    }
  },
  "contradict_groups": 0,
  "rounding_boundary": false,
  "posterior_log_odds": "3.600000",
  "not_applicable_reason": null,
  "independence_unreviewed": 4
}