Claims
| Claim | Type | Assessment | Score | Review checks | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Under combined semantics-preserving lexical perturbations, CausalVul's F1 dropped 5.1%, compared with 12.1–22.3% for the baselines evaluated in the study. | COMPARATIVE | Supported | 0.8808 | 1 of 4 | 88 |
| Under project-level group-aware evaluation on the Devign vulnerability-detection benchmark, CausalVul achieved 76.4% F1, 18.0 points above its fine-tuned CodeBERT backbone and 4.8 points above the UniXcoder baseline. | QUANTITATIVE | Leans supported | 0.7029 | 1 of 4 | 113 |