Claims
| Claim | Type | Assessment | Score | Review checks | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Using an instrumental-variable design for Chinese scholars, the study estimated that a 1 μg m−3 increase in annual PM2.5 caused a 0.23% decline in academic publications, with larger effects during heavy-pollution years. | QUANTITATIVE | Supported | 0.9908 | 1 of 4 | 140 |