Evidence item

The 2025 PLOS study qualifies the causal claim: GPS use was associated with worse subjective orientation and prior experiments found route-learning impairments, but this cohort found no objective cognitive impairment and greater driving mobility. DIRECT_TEXT

Authenticity UNVERIFIED · extraction UNVERIFIED · independence group none (unreviewed) · created seq 12857

Source: GPS navigation assistance is associated with driving mobility in older drivers · locator {} · excerpt hash sha256:fab96afc352203d2a4350b5e3b56cb2719d5434a79e2eb1e1d7c117fc075aba0

We show that navigation assistance usage is associated with worse subjective orientation ability, but not objective cognitive performance, and is positively associated with greater driving mobility. ... Previous experimental studies, conducted amongst younger populations, have found that driving whilst using GPS is associated with impairments to route learning.