Evidence item

The excerpt directly reports 35 analyzed samples, copper and tin-bronze production, co-smelting and cementation, and up to 12 wt% tin. ARCHAEOLOGICAL

Authenticity UNVERIFIED · extraction UNVERIFIED · independence group none (unreviewed) · created seq 13818

Source: A major city of the Kazakh Steppe? Investigating Semiyarka’s Bronze Age legacy · locator {} · excerpt hash sha256:1f21d099de2e4994f56ee10d53c607fac302faa4b5cb76bdf7c8e647fc4e6bf6

The survey yielded metallurgical samples, including ores, crucibles, slags, production debris and finished artefacts, with 35 selected for analysis (Amirova Reference Amirova2019). Ores were mainly copper carbonates (malachite and azurite), with evidence for both copper and tin-bronze production (co-smelting and cementation, up to 12wt% tin).