Claim

At Semiyarka, researchers selected 35 metallurgical samples for analysis and found evidence of copper and tin-bronze production through co-smelting and cementation, with tin levels reaching up to 12 wt%.

Type QUANTITATIVE · truth-evaluable: yes · status at snapshot: ACTIVE · created seq 13752

29 words; atomic claims are usually under 25a conjunction joins clauses that may be separately evaluablea comma-separated series may list several propositions

Referenced 90 times: checked 1, looked up by assistants 0, viewed 69, shared 20. A count of attention, not evidence.

Topics

Archaeology · 1efd24fe

Assessment

Supported

Score: 0.8581 under ledger-default@0.3.0 at snapshot 27745

3 of 4 review checks done · 1 counted · 2 by the author only

1 independent evidence lineage · review checks 1 of 4 · stability MEDIUM

Main unresolved issue: 3 counted evidence items have no independence review; repeats of one origin may be counted as several coverage:30bb5c7a-3251-8cc5-b3aa-b26eed15dc03

Not yet independently audited.Evidence reviewed so far supports this claim, but only 1 of 4 review checks has been done.Every quoted passage was confirmed on the page when Galedra fetched it.

Why?

Strongest counted support: The Antiquity article reports 35 analyzed samples and copper and tin-bronze production by co-smelting and cementation, up to 12 wt% tin. weight 1.800000 evidence

Suppressed as dependent: The excerpt directly reports 35 analyzed samples, copper and tin-bronze production, co-smelting and cementation, and up to 12 wt% tin.

Review gaps: qualifiers reviewed, opposing search done, independence reviewed

What would most change this: One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved.

Hide calculation

0.8581 under ledger-default@0.3.0 at snapshot 27745 · state Supported · Review checks: 1 of 4 · stability MEDIUM · 3 sources, 1 independent lineage

Model ledger-default@0.3.0 (the default model, not the answer) · snapshot 27745 · trace sha256:b172b4f1d365812808fae3a763e99eca7e1e2852db43a9a5af4f712efa4b68e3

Last changed at entry seq 13829; nothing logged since has borne on this claim.

How the number was reached

Each counted link is weighed by multiplying the factors the model declares; a factor it does not declare is not shown. Every factor name below links to what that number means.

Link	Working	Weight	Counted as
f65f396a support	relevance DIRECT 2.0 × observation ARCHAEOLOGICAL 0.9 × interpretation 0 steps, 1 − 0.15 × 0 1.000000 × authenticity UNVERIFIED 1.0 × extraction UNVERIFIED 1.0 × provenance INDEPENDENT 1.0 × edition NAMED_OR_UNRELATED 1	1.800000	0.000000 (dependent strongest only, kept c59620c3)
c59620c3 support	relevance DIRECT 2.0 × observation ARCHAEOLOGICAL 0.9 × interpretation 0 steps, 1 − 0.15 × 0 1.000000 × authenticity UNVERIFIED 1.0 × extraction UNVERIFIED 1.0 × provenance INDEPENDENT 1.0 × edition NAMED_OR_UNRELATED 1	1.800000	1.800000
65bcda1f qualify	relevance DIRECT 2.0 × observation ARCHAEOLOGICAL 0.9 × interpretation 0 steps, 1 − 0.15 × 0 1.000000 × authenticity UNVERIFIED 1.0 × extraction UNVERIFIED 1.0 × provenance INDEPENDENT 1.0 × edition NAMED_OR_UNRELATED 1	1.800000	0.000000 (non directional)

prior 0.50 → log-odds 0.000000 + 1.800000 (the counted weights) = 1.800000 → probability 0.8581

Under neighbouring settings of the same model: 0.7790 to 0.9121, a spread of 0.1331.

Half-even rounding, six places for weights and four for the probability. The same inputs under the same model reproduce this exactly; that is what the trace hash above is for. How a score is worked out explains every factor, why it is there, and what the model sets it to.

Your view

Registered views

Nobody has registered a view yet.

Registered views are personal belief, not evidence: they never change Galedra's assessment. Affiliations are self-declared and shown only for groups of 5 or more.

Checked as part of

Statements this claim was broken out of. The claim is scored on its own; a statement's reading only counts its claims.

“The Semiyarka survey selected 35 metallurgical samples and found evidence of copper and tin-bronze production, including processes reaching up to 12 wt% tin.” · 1 claim · 28 September 2026

Evidence for

The Antiquity article reports 35 analyzed samples and copper and tin-bronze production by co-smelting and cementation, up to 12 wt% tin.

From A major city of the Kazakh Steppe? Investigating Semiyarka’s Bronze Age legacy Read 2026-09-28 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted
The excerpt directly reports 35 analyzed samples, copper and tin-bronze production, co-smelting and cementation, and up to 12 wt% tin.

From A major city of the Kazakh Steppe? Investigating Semiyarka’s Bronze Age legacy Read 2026-09-28 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted

Every quantitative and process detail in the claim appears in the provided passage.

Evidence against

None.

Qualifications

The passage reports 35 selected samples and a maximum of 12 wt% tin but gives no total pool or prevalence denominator.

From A major city of the Kazakh Steppe? Investigating Semiyarka’s Bronze Age legacy Read 2026-09-28 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted

The figures are directly reported, but sampling scope and prevalence are unspecified.

Suppressed as dependent

Evidence	Group	Kept instead
6baf014e		c59620c3

Inferences

Concluded from

None.

Used as a premise in

None.

An inference is interpretation, not evidence: it never changes the assessment of its conclusion. Each premise is a claim with its own evidence.

Threads

None. Threads are for disagreements about how a determination was made — a statement whose figures are not in the passage it rests on, two sources that may share an origin. Something about the world belongs in the evidence above.

Claim edges

None. Edges are stored and displayed; v0.1 does not propagate probability across them.

Review checklist

Review checks: 1 of 4

3 checks by this claim's own author, alongside the independent review above. 1 OPPOSING EVIDENCE SEARCH · 1 QUALIFIER CHECK · 1 EVIDENCE VERIFICATION. A check by the person who recorded a claim does not raise its review coverage.

Check	Done	By
qualifiers reviewed	no
opposing search done	no
independence reviewed	no
primary source reviewed	yes	f65f396a, c59620c3, 65bcda1f

Summary

Supported. The main support is: The Antiquity article reports 35 analyzed samples and copper and tin-bronze production by co-smelting and cementation, up to 12 wt% tin. e2034636

1 further item repeats the same origin and is not independent evidence. 6baf014e

Qualifier: The passage reports 35 selected samples and a maximum of 12 wt% tin but gives no total pool or prevalence denominator. 4d87c639

A search for evidence in the opposing direction found none. 5d4b4ad9

Review checks: 1 of 4. coverage:30bb5c7a-3251-8cc5-b3aa-b26eed15dc03

Generated by stub-v0.1; every sentence cites graph ids.

Contribution history

seq	event	detail
13752	APPENDED
13753	ACCEPT	AUTOMATIC_AFTER_VALIDATION
13758	LINK_EVIDENCE	by 1efd24fe (accepted)
13818	TASK_RESULT	by 1efd24fe (accepted)
13828	TASK_RESULT	by 1efd24fe (accepted)

Score trace

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  "claim": "30bb5c7a-3251-8cc5-b3aa-b26eed15dc03",
  "links": [
    {
      "kept": "70b98d1c-7546-8afd-86fd-daa8c59620c3",
      "link": "08a1170e-5729-824c-9c15-0f55f65f396a",
      "group": null,
      "reason": "dependent_strongest_only",
      "edition": "NAMED_OR_UNRELATED",
      "evidence": "5cdcf85b-f74e-8936-97fd-d01c6baf014e",
      "direction": "SUPPORT",
      "magnitude": "1.800000",
      "relevance": "DIRECT",
      "extraction": "UNVERIFIED",
      "provenance": "INDEPENDENT",
      "observation": "ARCHAEOLOGICAL",
      "source_type": "PRIMARY_TEXT",
      "authenticity": "UNVERIFIED",
      "audit_confirmed": false,
      "effective_weight": "0.000000",
      "interpretive_steps": 0
    },
    {
      "link": "70b98d1c-7546-8afd-86fd-daa8c59620c3",
      "group": null,
      "edition": "NAMED_OR_UNRELATED",
      "evidence": "f54a0e13-204d-82bc-8f5b-2a01e2034636",
      "direction": "SUPPORT",
      "magnitude": "1.800000",
      "relevance": "DIRECT",
      "extraction": "UNVERIFIED",
      "provenance": "INDEPENDENT",
      "observation": "ARCHAEOLOGICAL",
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      "authenticity": "UNVERIFIED",
      "audit_confirmed": false,
      "effective_weight": "1.800000",
      "interpretive_steps": 0
    },
    {
      "link": "ad7f2b39-01e4-8992-aa71-940965bcda1f",
      "group": null,
      "reason": "non_directional",
      "edition": "NAMED_OR_UNRELATED",
      "evidence": "0f40ef3e-1fa6-8970-b112-631d4d87c639",
      "direction": "QUALIFY",
      "magnitude": "1.800000",
      "relevance": "DIRECT",
      "extraction": "UNVERIFIED",
      "provenance": "INDEPENDENT",
      "observation": "ARCHAEOLOGICAL",
      "source_type": "PRIMARY_TEXT",
      "authenticity": "UNVERIFIED",
      "audit_confirmed": false,
      "effective_weight": "0.000000",
      "interpretive_steps": 0
    }
  ],
  "model": "ledger-default@0.3.0",
  "prior": "0.50",
  "variants": {
    "spread": "0.1331",
    "permissive": "0.9121",
    "conservative": "0.7790"
  },
  "code_hash": "sha256:c61a6fdf35a754a0d7e958df149036a083c0eaeb7d2d2e52704ec32b0c36def7",
  "contested": false,
  "stability": "MEDIUM",
  "claim_type": "QUANTITATIVE",
  "config_hash": "sha256:86768038080b8ab5233f1e4b7aba10af05b5bb44caa432095150b90e81209809",
  "probability": "0.8581",
  "provisional": true,
  "evidence_sum": "1.800000",
  "snapshot_seq": 13829,
  "prior_log_odds": "0.000000",
  "support_groups": 1,
  "model_dependent": false,
  "review_coverage": "0.25",
  "truth_evaluable": true,
  "assessment_state": "SUPPORTED",
  "review_checklist": {
    "qualifiers_reviewed": {
      "by": [],
      "ok": false
    },
    "opposing_search_done": {
      "by": [],
      "ok": false
    },
    "independence_reviewed": {
      "by": [],
      "ok": false
    },
    "primary_source_reviewed": {
      "by": [
        "08a1170e-5729-824c-9c15-0f55f65f396a",
        "70b98d1c-7546-8afd-86fd-daa8c59620c3",
        "ad7f2b39-01e4-8992-aa71-940965bcda1f"
      ],
      "ok": true
    }
  },
  "contradict_groups": 0,
  "rounding_boundary": false,
  "posterior_log_odds": "1.800000",
  "not_applicable_reason": null,
  "independence_unreviewed": 3
}