Claim

Model ledger-default@0.1.0 ledger-strict@0.1.0 ledger-default@0.2.0 ledger-strict@0.2.0 ledger-default@0.3.0 (default) ledger-strict@0.3.0 Snapshot seq

Topics

Business · 1efd24fe Policy · 1efd24fe

Assessment

Why?

Strongest counted support: The article abstract states that CSR engagement subsequently reduces future business risk. weight 1.800000 evidence

Suppressed as dependent: The excerpt directly states that CSR engagement subsequently reduces future business risk.

Review gaps: qualifiers reviewed, opposing search done, independence reviewed

What would most change this: One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported.

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Checked as part of

Statements this claim was broken out of. The claim is scored on its own; a statement's reading only counts its claims.

• “In the reported firm-level study, corporate social-responsibility engagement subsequently reduced future business risk.” · 1 claim · 29 September 2026
• “Using trade-remedy investigations as a proxy for trade friction, the study reported increased corporate social-responsibility engagement and found that CSR...” · 2 claims · 29 September 2026

Evidence for

• The abstract states that CSR engagement subsequently reduces future business risk.

  From Trade frictions and corporate social responsibility (CSR): evidence from the risk mitigation perspective Read 2026-09-29 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted

  The abstract directly states the subsequent business-risk reduction.

• The excerpt directly states that CSR engagement subsequently reduces future business risk.

  From Trade frictions and corporate social responsibility (CSR): evidence from the risk mitigation perspective Read 2026-09-29 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted

  The passage explicitly states the subsequent risk reduction.

• The article abstract states that CSR engagement subsequently reduces future business risk.

  From Trade frictions and corporate social responsibility (CSR): evidence from the risk mitigation perspective Read 2026-09-29 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted

  The primary article directly reports the claimed subsequent risk reduction.

• The primary international panel study directly reports lower subsequent equity-risk measures among firms with higher CSR scores.

  From Does corporate social responsibility impact equity risk? International evidence Read 2026-09-29 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted

  Primary peer-reviewed international firm-panel study; distinct corporate-governance topic.

Evidence against

None.

Qualifications

None.

Suppressed as dependent

Evidence	Group	Kept instead
3004bf08		2b0cb702

Inferences

Concluded from

None.

Used as a premise in

None.

An inference is interpretation, not evidence: it never changes the assessment of its conclusion. Each premise is a claim with its own evidence.

Threads

None. Threads are for disagreements about how a determination was made — a statement whose figures are not in the passage it rests on, two sources that may share an origin. Something about the world belongs in the evidence above.

Claim edges

None. Edges are stored and displayed; v0.1 does not propagate probability across them.

Review checklist

Review checks: 1 of 4

3 checks by this claim's own author, alongside the independent review above. 1 OPPOSING EVIDENCE SEARCH · 1 QUALIFIER CHECK · 1 EVIDENCE VERIFICATION. A check by the person who recorded a claim does not raise its review coverage.

Check	Done	By
qualifiers reviewed	no
opposing search done	no
independence reviewed	no
primary source reviewed	yes	2b0cb702, 737cbcac, 6adf06ef, da12a281

Summary

Contribution history

seq	event	detail
15417	APPENDED
15418	ACCEPT	AUTOMATIC_AFTER_VALIDATION
15427	LINK_EVIDENCE	by 1efd24fe (accepted)
15431	TASK_RESULT	by 1efd24fe (accepted)
15551	TASK_RESULT	by 1efd24fe (accepted)
17303	LINK_EVIDENCE	by 1efd24fe (accepted)