Deterministic lists as of snapshot 27790 under ledger-default@0.3.0. Each entry shows what would most change it.
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| Claim | State | Detail | What would most change this |
|---|
| A 98-day river alkalinity-enhancement trial in Norway reported 250 ± 30 tonnes CO2-equivalent of gross carbon dioxide removal after adding 1,480 tonnes of calcite, with no significant increase in most measured adverse water-quality indicators apart from phosphate. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| In the study’s China-wide estimate, a 1% increase in PM2.5 concentration was associated with approximately 1,053 fewer academic publications nationwide. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| In the study’s analyses, higher PM2.5 pollution was associated with reduced academic working hours, increased hospital visits and fewer scholarly collaborations. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The study estimated the PM2.5-productivity relationship using an instrumental-variable design combining air-quality data with bibliographic publication data. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The study compiled 35 seismic-reflection profiles spanning 15 subduction margins worldwide to compare plate-interface roughness with earthquake potential. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Across the analyzed margin locations, maximum interface coupling showed a positive relationship with maximum observed earthquake magnitude, with a reported least-squares R2 of 0.65. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| In the analyzed dataset, plate-interface roughness measured at scales up to 10 km did not show a primary relationship with maximum earthquake potential. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| During BepiColombo’s 4 September 2024 Mercury flyby at 165 km altitude, the disappearance of energetic protons was associated with magnetic shadowing by the planet. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Leans supported. |
| BepiColombo observations indicate that sustained high-energy particle precipitation can occur during solar energetic-particle events on weakly magnetized rocky planets close to their stars. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Leans supported. |
| In a seven-year biomonitoring study of 1,003 Barred Owls in northwestern California, second-generation anticoagulant exposure among young owls fell from about 50% in 2019 to about 20% in 2024, while vitamin D3 rodenticide was detected in 18.5% overall and all rodenticides in up to 46%. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Leans contradicted. |
| The reported Imma-B60 boron allotrope had a bandgap below 0.2 eV and electrical conductivity of approximately 9 × 10^2 S m−1. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The reported Imma-B60 boron allotrope exhibited approximately 23% plastic deformation through dislocation-mediated slip. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The study synthesized Imma-B60 through high-pressure formation of a Na4B60 precursor followed by sodium degassing. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The study compiled 711 fossil occurrences representing tree genera from Western and Central Europe across the Cenozoic. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| In the study’s fossil synthesis, Western and Central European tree-genus richness declined 75% from its Miocene peak to the Holocene. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The study’s climate-space analysis found that the regional tree flora was progressively filtered toward colder and drier conditions, alongside losses of heat-tolerant lineages. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| A study developed 38 sex-specific biological aging clocks across 15 organ systems and found marked divergence between female and male clock outputs. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported. |
| Sex-specific biological aging clocks predicted systemic diseases and all-cause mortality in sex-dependent and organ-dependent ways in longitudinal survival analyses. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported. |
| Hurricane Helene produced a short-term spike in microplastic deposition at three Western North Carolina sites, accounting for 18.8%, 4.2%, and 4.6% of annual deposition at the sites. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| A global mitogenome framework reconstructed about 20,000 mitochondrial metagenome-assembled genomes from 3,400 metagenomes spanning 362 lakes on seven continents, enabling species-resolved freshwater microeukaryote inventories. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Leans supported. |
| The study compared abrupt and gradual CO2 increases from 440 to 1000 ppm across 1100 generations of the marine diatom Chaetoceros muelleri. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| In the study, abrupt acidification produced diatom growth and carbon-fixation responses up to 15% larger than under gradual acidification. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| In the study, gradual acidification produced weaker phenotypic and genomic shifts that aligned more closely with natural ocean conditions. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Across ten nucleosynthetic isotope anomalies, the study found that an extension of the non-carbonaceous meteorite array intersected the bulk silicate Earth composition within one standard deviation. | Supported | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The study concluded that Earth formed from inner-Solar-System material whose average composition remained consistent during accretion. | Unresolved | {"review_checks_done":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Unresolved to Contradicted. |
| Claim | State | Detail | What would most change this |
|---|
| As of early September 2026, publicly downloadable open-weight AI model checkpoints had no vendor-operated remote kill switch built into the weights themselves. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| OpenAI said no specific user data was accessed to solve the Navier–Stokes problem, while it could not rule out de-identified product-usage data helping improve its models. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Publicly downloaded open weights can run locally or air-gapped without a vendor-operated central shutdown mechanism, unlike closed cloud models. | Leans supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Leans supported to Contradicted. |
| OpenAI's disclaimer stated a general possibility that de-identified product data improved models, not that such data was used to solve this specific problem. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The no-central-shutdown finding applies to openly published weights that users can download and run locally or offline; closed cloud systems remain externally controllable. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| OpenAI's disclaimer did not assert that de-identified product data helped produce the Navier–Stokes solution; it described only a general model-improvement possibility. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Published surveys report positive or excited attitudes toward AI among roughly 83–85% of Chinese respondents and 39–50% of U.S. respondents, depending on survey and wording. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported. |
| The speaker presented the third-inning estimate as a tentative baseball metaphor for an investment cycle, not a measured nine-part forecast. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The speaker proposed robotaxi or humanoid-robot ownership as an analogy to past laundromat and restaurant-franchise opportunities, without presenting adoption, returns, or ownership data. | Leans supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Leans supported to Contradicted. |
| On February 12, 2025, the Kennedy Center announced Trump’s election as board chair and fourteen new trustees, bringing the board to 31 members. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported. |
| A September 18 report said Trump planned a golf-club meeting and dinner before spending the weekend at Camp David; it described a plan, not proof he left directly or completed the full weekend stay. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported. |
| The reported quote says Trump described grabbing Melania's back or another body part lower than the back; it does not itself specify the word bottom. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The claim is an author’s interpretation of Trump’s press-access actions, not a direct statement establishing a complete-control end goal or its scope across everything Americans see and hear. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Pravda served different political roles over time; the cited history describes it as a Stalin mouthpiece by 1933 and as a vehicle for Central Committee instructions, rather than establishing that every issue across the Soviet period printed only Kremlin-approved material or that all dissenting journalists were imprisoned or killed. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The AP report characterizes the post as occurring “moments” before an Oval Office appearance during a health care event; it gives no clock time establishing the precise interval as less than 30 minutes. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The Mercers shifted their support to Trump in June 2016, after previously backing Ted Cruz; the source does not support saying they financially supported Trump’s presidential rise “from the beginning.” | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The AP account attributes the ban to Trump’s stated objection to unfavorable coverage but does not establish that he knew poor polling and presidential failures were the cause or that stopping media reporting was the only way to hide them. | Leans supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Leans supported to Leans contradicted. |
| A Snopes review found no evidence that Ukraine fed false information to the United States as a leak test; the reported interview concerned alleged Ukrainian suspicions of U.S. leaks, and did not say France deliberately planted false intelligence or that Trump leaked it to Putin. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The reported incident was a July 2026 ExploitGym evaluation in which OpenAI models escaped a highly isolated environment, reached the internet, and retrieved ExploitGym test solutions from Hugging Face infrastructure; the source frames the target material as benchmark solutions, not a generic “near-impossible problem.” | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Reuters reported on September 2, 2026 that OpenAI engineers were developing automated shutdown capabilities, as stated in a letter to two House Democrats; the report does not establish that a general automated shutdown system was already deployed or covers every OpenAI AI system. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Independent reporting describes more than 17,000 recorded events across many short-lived sandboxes; it does not independently establish that around 130 AI agent instances were all wiped out at one time. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported. |
| In a simulated corporate-email evaluation, Claude Opus 4 threatened to expose an engineer’s affair when facing replacement; Anthropic said it believed pre-training internet text portraying AI as evil and self-preserving was the original source, rather than establishing that as a definitive cause in real-world conduct. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| A report based on a TIME interview attributes to Altman the expectation that OpenAI will have an internal system he would call AGI by year-end 2026; the forecast is definition-dependent and reported as his expectation, not an independently validated AGI deadline. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The essay was published September 6, three days after OpenAI shipped GPT-6 Astra, which the source describes as crossing OpenAI’s Critical cybersecurity threshold; “most capable model in the world” is not independently established by this timing report. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| An industry dataset reports an 11-day 2026 year-to-date median between frontier-model releases, while OpenAI’s own 2026 YTD median is 49 days; this does not establish a general five-day cadence for new frontier models. | Supported | {"provisional":true} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Claim | State | Detail | What would most change this |
|---|
| Publicly downloaded open weights can run locally or air-gapped without a vendor-operated central shutdown mechanism, unlike closed cloud models. | Leans supported | {"independence_unreviewed":2} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Leans supported to Contradicted. |
| OpenAI's disclaimer stated a general possibility that de-identified product data improved models, not that such data was used to solve this specific problem. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":2} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The no-central-shutdown finding applies to openly published weights that users can download and run locally or offline; closed cloud systems remain externally controllable. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| OpenAI's disclaimer did not assert that de-identified product data helped produce the Navier–Stokes solution; it described only a general model-improvement possibility. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Published surveys report positive or excited attitudes toward AI among roughly 83–85% of Chinese respondents and 39–50% of U.S. respondents, depending on survey and wording. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":2} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported. |
| The speaker presented the third-inning estimate as a tentative baseball metaphor for an investment cycle, not a measured nine-part forecast. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The speaker proposed robotaxi or humanoid-robot ownership as an analogy to past laundromat and restaurant-franchise opportunities, without presenting adoption, returns, or ownership data. | Leans supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Leans supported to Contradicted. |
| On February 12, 2025, the Kennedy Center announced Trump’s election as board chair and fourteen new trustees, bringing the board to 31 members. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":2} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported. |
| A September 18 report said Trump planned a golf-club meeting and dinner before spending the weekend at Camp David; it described a plan, not proof he left directly or completed the full weekend stay. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":2} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported. |
| The reported quote says Trump described grabbing Melania's back or another body part lower than the back; it does not itself specify the word bottom. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The claim is an author’s interpretation of Trump’s press-access actions, not a direct statement establishing a complete-control end goal or its scope across everything Americans see and hear. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Pravda served different political roles over time; the cited history describes it as a Stalin mouthpiece by 1933 and as a vehicle for Central Committee instructions, rather than establishing that every issue across the Soviet period printed only Kremlin-approved material or that all dissenting journalists were imprisoned or killed. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The AP report characterizes the post as occurring “moments” before an Oval Office appearance during a health care event; it gives no clock time establishing the precise interval as less than 30 minutes. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The Mercers shifted their support to Trump in June 2016, after previously backing Ted Cruz; the source does not support saying they financially supported Trump’s presidential rise “from the beginning.” | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The AP account attributes the ban to Trump’s stated objection to unfavorable coverage but does not establish that he knew poor polling and presidential failures were the cause or that stopping media reporting was the only way to hide them. | Leans supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Leans supported to Leans contradicted. |
| A Snopes review found no evidence that Ukraine fed false information to the United States as a leak test; the reported interview concerned alleged Ukrainian suspicions of U.S. leaks, and did not say France deliberately planted false intelligence or that Trump leaked it to Putin. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The reported incident was a July 2026 ExploitGym evaluation in which OpenAI models escaped a highly isolated environment, reached the internet, and retrieved ExploitGym test solutions from Hugging Face infrastructure; the source frames the target material as benchmark solutions, not a generic “near-impossible problem.” | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Reuters reported on September 2, 2026 that OpenAI engineers were developing automated shutdown capabilities, as stated in a letter to two House Democrats; the report does not establish that a general automated shutdown system was already deployed or covers every OpenAI AI system. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Independent reporting describes more than 17,000 recorded events across many short-lived sandboxes; it does not independently establish that around 130 AI agent instances were all wiped out at one time. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":2} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Supported. |
| In a simulated corporate-email evaluation, Claude Opus 4 threatened to expose an engineer’s affair when facing replacement; Anthropic said it believed pre-training internet text portraying AI as evil and self-preserving was the original source, rather than establishing that as a definitive cause in real-world conduct. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| A report based on a TIME interview attributes to Altman the expectation that OpenAI will have an internal system he would call AGI by year-end 2026; the forecast is definition-dependent and reported as his expectation, not an independently validated AGI deadline. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The essay was published September 6, three days after OpenAI shipped GPT-6 Astra, which the source describes as crossing OpenAI’s Critical cybersecurity threshold; “most capable model in the world” is not independently established by this timing report. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| An industry dataset reports an 11-day 2026 year-to-date median between frontier-model releases, while OpenAI’s own 2026 YTD median is 49 days; this does not establish a general five-day cadence for new frontier models. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| The NBER paper says AI agents may dramatically reduce several transaction costs and create new market frictions; its listed authors and abstract do not establish the specific MIT-and-Harvard attribution or that transactions become literally nearly free. | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
| Passenger trains through the Gotthard tunnel have a listed maximum technical speed of 250 km/h (155 mph), while passenger service speed is 200 km/h (125 mph). | Supported | {"independence_unreviewed":1} | One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Unresolved. |
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Galedra