Claim

In cell-based, reconstituted-translation, and single-molecule experiments, N1-methylpseudouridine increased +1 ribosomal frameshifting at UUUC motifs in therapeutic mRNAs, while synonymous UUCC or UUUU substitutions eliminated the effect.

Type QUANTITATIVE · truth-evaluable: yes · status at snapshot: ACTIVE · created seq 17962

26 words; atomic claims are usually under 25a conjunction joins clauses that may be separately evaluablea comma-separated series may list several propositions

Referenced 145 times: checked 2, looked up by assistants 0, viewed 98, shared 45. A count of attention, not evidence.

Topics

Biology · 1efd24fe Technology · 1efd24fe

Assessment

Supported

Score: 0.9561 under ledger-default@0.3.0 at snapshot 27745

2 of 4 review checks done · 1 counted · 1 by the author only

2 independent evidence lineages · review checks 1 of 4 · stability HIGH

Main unresolved issue: 4 counted evidence items have no independence review; repeats of one origin may be counted as several coverage:a54a6139-7b71-8bd8-a2aa-ac7967d283bd

Not yet independently audited.Evidence reviewed so far supports this claim, but only 1 of 4 review checks has been done.A quoted passage from nature.com was not found on the page when Galedra fetched it.

Related: NARROWS incoming: Supported

Why?

Strongest counted support: The study reports modification-associated +1 frameshifting at UUUC motifs and suppression by synonymous codon replacement. weight 2.000000 evidence

Suppressed as dependent: The packet directly supports the experimental systems, UUUC frameshifting result, and suppression by UUCC or UUUU substitution.

Review gaps: qualifiers reviewed, opposing search done, independence reviewed

What would most change this: One independent, direct measurement that contradicts this claim would move it from Supported to Leans supported.

Hide calculation

0.9561 under ledger-default@0.3.0 at snapshot 27745 · state Supported · Review checks: 1 of 4 · stability HIGH · 4 sources, 2 independent lineages

Model ledger-default@0.3.0 (the default model, not the answer) · snapshot 27745 · trace sha256:a934643914be9cbb50cb096f841528f97e6b58f1ab26554f4a3158cc084c58fa

Last changed at entry seq 25820; nothing logged since has borne on this claim.

How the number was reached

Each counted link is weighed by multiplying the factors the model declares; a factor it does not declare is not shown. Every factor name below links to what that number means.

Link	Working	Weight	Counted as
00b5e8eb support	relevance STRONG 1.2 × observation DIRECT_TEXT 0.9 × interpretation 0 steps, 1 − 0.15 × 0 1.000000 × authenticity UNVERIFIED 1.0 × extraction UNVERIFIED 1.0 × provenance INDEPENDENT 1.0 × edition NAMED_OR_UNRELATED 1	1.080000	1.080000
ea563e3a support	relevance DIRECT 2.0 × observation MEASUREMENT 1.0 × interpretation 0 steps, 1 − 0.15 × 0 1.000000 × authenticity UNVERIFIED 1.0 × extraction UNVERIFIED 1.0 × provenance INDEPENDENT 1.0 × edition NAMED_OR_UNRELATED 1	2.000000	0.000000 (dependent strongest only, kept 7336d48c)
33ea034f qualify	relevance DIRECT 2.0 × observation DIRECT_TEXT 0.9 × interpretation 0 steps, 1 − 0.15 × 0 1.000000 × authenticity UNVERIFIED 1.0 × extraction UNVERIFIED 1.0 × provenance INDEPENDENT 1.0 × edition NAMED_OR_UNRELATED 1	1.800000	0.000000 (non directional)
7336d48c support	relevance DIRECT 2.0 × observation MEASUREMENT 1.0 × interpretation 0 steps, 1 − 0.15 × 0 1.000000 × authenticity UNVERIFIED 1.0 × extraction UNVERIFIED 1.0 × provenance INDEPENDENT 1.0 × edition NAMED_OR_UNRELATED 1	2.000000	2.000000

prior 0.50 → log-odds 0.000000 + 3.080000 (the counted weights) = 3.080000 → probability 0.9561

Under neighbouring settings of the same model: 0.8962 to 0.9821, a spread of 0.0859.

Half-even rounding, six places for weights and four for the probability. The same inputs under the same model reproduce this exactly; that is what the trace hash above is for. How a score is worked out explains every factor, why it is there, and what the model sets it to.

Your view

Registered views

Nobody has registered a view yet.

Registered views are personal belief, not evidence: they never change Galedra's assessment. Affiliations are self-declared and shown only for groups of 5 or more.

Checked as part of

Statements this claim was broken out of. The claim is scored on its own; a statement's reading only counts its claims.

“In cell-based, reconstituted-translation, and single-molecule experiments, N1-methylpseudouridine increased +1 ribosomal frameshifting at UUUC motifs in...” · 1 claim · 29 September 2026
“In cell-based, reconstituted-translation, and single-molecule experiments, N1-methylpseudouridine increased +1 ribosomal frameshifting at UUUC motifs in...” · 1 claim · 29 September 2026

Evidence for

The study reports modification-associated +1 frameshifting at UUUC motifs and suppression by synonymous codon replacement.

From Recoding by N1-methylpseudouridine guides rational mRNA vaccine design Read 2026-09-29 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted
The packet directly supports the experimental systems, UUUC frameshifting result, and suppression by UUCC or UUUU substitution.

From Recoding by N1-methylpseudouridine guides rational mRNA vaccine design Read 2026-09-29 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted
An independent Nature study reports m1Psi-associated +1 frameshifting and shows synonymous targeting of slippery sequences reduces frameshifted products.

From N1-methylpseudouridylation of mRNA causes +1 ribosomal frameshifting Read 2026-09-29 Relevance STRONG Steps 0 Counted

Independent paper corroborates the core frameshifting and sequence-optimization components; it does not independently establish every 2026 mechanistic detail.

Evidence against

None.

Qualifications

The primary study limits the cell-based result to HEK293T reporters built from BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 constructs and directly reports suppression by synonymous UUCC replacement.

From Recoding by N1-methylpseudouridine guides rational mRNA vaccine design Read 2026-09-29 Relevance DIRECT Steps 0 Counted

Adds the omitted cell line and vaccine-construct scope.

Suppressed as dependent

Evidence	Group	Kept instead
112bfea2		7336d48c

Inferences

Concluded from

None.

Used as a premise in

None.

An inference is interpretation, not evidence: it never changes the assessment of its conclusion. Each premise is a claim with its own evidence.

Threads

None. Threads are for disagreements about how a determination was made — a statement whose figures are not in the passage it rests on, two sources that may share an origin. Something about the world belongs in the evidence above.

Claim edges

From	Relationship	To
9e7f19b5	NARROWS	67d283bd

Review checklist

Review checks: 1 of 4

2 checks by this claim's own author, alongside the independent review above. 1 QUALIFIER CHECK · 1 EVIDENCE VERIFICATION. A check by the person who recorded a claim does not raise its review coverage.

Check	Done	By
qualifiers reviewed	no
opposing search done	no
independence reviewed	no
primary source reviewed	yes	00b5e8eb, ea563e3a, 33ea034f, 7336d48c

Summary

Supported. The main support is: An independent Nature study reports m1Psi-associated +1 frameshifting and shows synonymous targeting of slippery sequences reduces frameshifted products. 9211a8c6

1 further item repeats the same origin and is not independent evidence. 112bfea2

Qualifier: The primary study limits the cell-based result to HEK293T reporters built from BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 constructs and directly reports suppression by synonymous UUCC replacement. 006c2819

A narrower version of this claim is supported. 9e7f19b5

Review checks: 1 of 4. coverage:a54a6139-7b71-8bd8-a2aa-ac7967d283bd

Generated by stub-v0.1; every sentence cites graph ids.

Contribution history

seq	event	detail
17962	APPENDED
17963	ACCEPT	AUTOMATIC_AFTER_VALIDATION
17968	LINK_EVIDENCE	by 1efd24fe (accepted)
17987	TASK_RESULT	by 1efd24fe (accepted)
18014	LINK_EVIDENCE	by 1efd24fe (accepted)
25819	TASK_RESULT	by 1efd24fe (accepted)

Score trace

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      "group": null,
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  "model": "ledger-default@0.3.0",
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  "code_hash": "sha256:c61a6fdf35a754a0d7e958df149036a083c0eaeb7d2d2e52704ec32b0c36def7",
  "contested": false,
  "stability": "HIGH",
  "claim_type": "QUANTITATIVE",
  "config_hash": "sha256:86768038080b8ab5233f1e4b7aba10af05b5bb44caa432095150b90e81209809",
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  "snapshot_seq": 25820,
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  "support_groups": 2,
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  "review_coverage": "0.25",
  "truth_evaluable": true,
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  "review_checklist": {
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    "opposing_search_done": {
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    "primary_source_reviewed": {
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      "ok": true
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  "contradict_groups": 0,
  "rounding_boundary": false,
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